Request

An HTTP request starts with a request line followed by optional header fields, message body, response handler, and previous response references.

Request-Line

A request line consists of a request method, target and the HTTP protocol version. If the request method is omitted, ‘GET’ will be used as a default. The HTTP protocol version can be also omitted.

HTTP

GET https://www.google.de HTTP/1.1

GET https://www.google.de
###
https://www.google.de

TIP

The HTTP version is optional. But in this guide I have always added it because of syntax highlighting

If the Http version is specified, this can be used to control the use of HTTP2

HTTP

# no version = http/1.1
GET https://www.google.de

GET https://www.google.de HTTP/1.1

GET https://www.google.de HTTP/2.0

Allowed Requests Methods are (only uppercase values are allowed):


GET	POST	PUT	DELETE	PATCH
OPTIONS	CONNECT	TRACE	PROPFIND	PROPPATCH
COPY	MOVE	LOCK	UNLOCK	CHECKOUT
REPORT	MERGE	MKACTIVITY	MKWORKSPACE	VERSION-CONTROL

A request path can be added in the next line

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org
  /get

Query Strings

A request query may contain any unicode characters except line separators and the ‘#’ symbol.

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org/anything?q=httpyac

It is also possible to split the query strings to different subsequent lines.

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org/anything
  ?q=httpyac
  &ie=UTF-8

Headers

Each header field consists of a case-insensitive field name followed by a colon (‘:’), optional leading whitespace, the field value, and optional trailing whitespace.

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: text/html
Authorization: Bearer token

If you use the same headers several times, it is possible to store them in a variable and reuse them.

HTTP

{{+
  const token = "test"
  exports.defaultHeaders = {
    'Content-Type': 'text/html',
    'Authorization': `Bearer ${token}`
  };
}}
###
GET https://httpbin.org/anything
...defaultHeaders
GET https://httpbin.org/anything
...defaultHeaders

CookieJar support is enabled by default. All received Cookies, previously sent by the server with the Set-Cookie header are automatically sent back. It is possible to send own cookies to the server using cookie header.

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org/cookies
Cookie: bar=foo

WARNING

Cookies are only stored In-Memory and are cleared in VS Code with command httpyac.reset

It is possible to disable cookie support per request.

HTTP

# @no-cookie-jar
GET https://www.google.de

Request Body

The request body can be represented as a simple message or a mixed type message (multipart-form-data).

HTTP

POST https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

grant_type=client_credentials

WARNING

The first content that is not recognized as a header or query string is interpreted as a request body. After that, no more header or query string can be specified.

Multiple Response Body could be separated using ===. These request body are sent one after another. To wait for a message to be received before sending, you could use wait-for-server

HTTP

MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
topic: httpyac

Send one
===
Send two
=== wait-for-server
=== wait-for-server
Send three

Imported Request Body

A body can also be imported by using < ....

HTTP

POST https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: application/json

< ./requestBodyImport.json

If you want to replace variables in the file please import it with <@

HTTP

@foo="bar"
POST https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: application/json

<@ ./requestBodyImport.json

All files are read with UTF-8 encoding. If a different encoding is desired, provide it. All encodings supported by NodeJS are available.

HTTP

@foo="bar"
POST https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: application/json

<@latin1 ./requestBodyImport.json

WARNING

If the request body is configured in-place, whitespace around it will be trimmed. To send leading or trailing whitespace as part of the request body, send it from a separate file.

TIP

You can use Variable Substitution in file import.

HTTP

@assetsDir=./
###

POST https://httpbin.org/anything
Content-Type: application/json

< {{assetsDir}}requestBodyImport.json

multipart/form-data

It is possible to mix inline text with file imports

HTTP

POST https://httpbin.org/post
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=WebKitFormBoundary

--WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="text"

invoice_text
--WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="title"

invoice_title
--WebKitFormBoundary
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="invoice"; filename="invoice.pdf"
Content-Type: application/pdf

< ./dummy.pdf
--WebKitFormBoundary--

GraphQL

GraphQL queries are supported. Parsing Logic will automatically generate a GraphQL request body from the query and the optional variables.

HTTP

POST https://countries.trevorblades.com/graphql
Content-Type: application/json

query Continents($code: String!) {
    continents(filter: {code: {eq: $code}}) {
      code
      name
    }
}

{
    "code": "EU"
}

GraphQL fragments are also supported and are included in the body by name.

HTTP


fragment ContinentParts on Continent {
  code
  name
}

POST https://countries.trevorblades.com/graphql
Content-Type: application/json

query Continents {
    continents {
      ...ContinentParts
    }
}

{
    "code": "EU"
}

To import GraphQL File you need to use special GraphQL Import Directive.

HTTP

POST https://countries.trevorblades.com/graphql
Content-Type: application/json

gql Continents < ./graphql.gql

{
    "code": "EU"
}

TIP

You can use Variable Substitution in file import.

HTTP

@assetsDir=./

POST https://countries.trevorblades.com/graphql
Content-Type: application/json

gql Continents < {{assetsDir}}graphql.gql

{
    "code": "EU"
}

Request Separators / Global Regions

Multiple requests defined in a single file must be separated from each other with a request separator symbol. A separator may contain comments.

HTTP

https://httpbin.org/post
### separator
https://httpbin.org/post

Alternatively, the request can also be specified in RFC 7230 Request line format, which also triggers a separation.

HTTP

GET https://httpbin.org/post HTTP/1.1

GET https://httpbin.org/post HTTP/1.1

Using ### Regions without a request can be defined. These global regions are executed and interpreted for all requests within the file. This way meta data, variables and scripts can be set for each request.

HTTP

@host=https://httpbin.org
###
GET /post HTTP/1.1

GET /post HTTP/1.1

gRPC

It is also possible to send gRPC requests. The same request line format is used as for Http requests, but GRPC must be specified as the request method.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

TIP

Own ChannelCredentials can be set simply using header channelCredentials.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

{{@request
const grpc = require('@grpc/grpc-js');
request.channelCredentials = grpc.ChannelCredentials.createSsl();
}}
GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

Protobuf Loader

To use the gRPC call, the proto file associated with the call must first be loaded. This is loaded using @grpc/proto-loader. This can be configured using options in the header format

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto
keepCase: true
longs: String
enums: String
defaults: true
oneofs: true
includeDirs: [`${__dirname}/request`]

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

The import of the proto file can also be done globally

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

###
GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}


GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "john"
}

TIP

You can use Variable Substitution in file import and in proto-loader options.

HTTP

@assetsDir=./

proto < {{assetsDir}}hello.proto
keepCase: true
longs: String
enums: String
defaults: true
oneofs: true
includeDirs: [`${assetsDir}/request`]

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

WARNING

IncludeDirs of @grpc/proto-loader currently supports only absolute paths.

GRPC Reflection

Grpc Reflection support can be enabled using metaData # @grpc-reflection

HTTP

# @grpc-reflection
GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

TIP

If you want to use it in global region, you need to provide server url in metaData (# @grpc-reflection <server>)

Unary RPC

Unary RPC behaves identically to Http requests. The url need to be in the following format

GRPC {{server}}/{{service}}/{{method}}

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/sayHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

Using header notation it is also possible to send meta data.

Header ChannelCredentials or Authorizationare special and defines the authentication used by gRPC. If no such header is specified, grpc.credentials.createInsecure() is used automatically

Server Streaming RPC

Server Streaming RPC is similar to a unary RPC, except that the server returns a stream of messages in response to a client’s request.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/LotsOfReplies
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

All responses are output as an intermediate result and summarized at the end as one overall response. If the intermediate results are not needed, they can be deactivated using # @noStreamingLog.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto

# @noStreamingLog

GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/LotsOfReplies
{
  "greeting": "world"
}

Client Streaming RPC

Client Streaming RPC is similar to a unary RPC, except that the client sends a stream of messages to the server instead of a single message. To enable this, a custom script can be used that registers for the @streaming hook. This script must export a Promise at the end of which the client stream is terminated.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto
GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/lotsOfGreetings
{
  "greeting": "world."
}

{{@streaming

  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(1000);
    await $requestClient.send({
      greeting: 'How are you?',
    });
    await sleep(1000);
    await $requestClient.send({
      greeting: 'I can stream.',
    });
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

TIP

To control the wait time more easily, a method sleep is provided that waits the number of milliseconds.

Bidirectional Streaming RPC

Bidirectional Streaming RPC is a combination of client streaming and server streaming.

HTTP

proto < ./hello.proto
GRPC grpc.postman-echo.com/HelloService/BidiHello
{
  "greeting": "world"
}
===
{
  "greeting": "How are you?"
}
=== wait-for-server
=== wait-for-server
{
  "greeting": "I can stream."
}

Server-Sent Events / EventSource

By using method SSE an EventSource instance can be created. This opens a persistent connection to an HTTP server, which sends events in text/event-stream format. Adding the header event the list of events to be output is specified

HTTP

SSE https://postman-echo.com/server-events/5
Event: message

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(10000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

The events of the server can be waited for by using streaming event. As soon as this hook has been successfully processed, the connection is terminated.

HTTP

SSE https://postman-echo.com/server-events/5
Event: message

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(10000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

TIP

Meta Data keepStreaming can be used to respond to events until manually aborted.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
SSE https://postman-echo.com/server-events/5
Event: message

WebSocket

By using method WS a WebSocket connection to a server can be opened. If a body is included in the request, it is sent immediately after the connection is established.

HTTP

WS wss://socketsbay.com/wss/v2/1/demo/

{
  "test": "httpyac"
}

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(10000);
    $requestClient.send({
      "event": "ping",
      "reqid": 45
    });
    await sleep(1000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

The events of the server can be waited for by using streaming event. As soon as this hook has been successfully processed, the connection is terminated. Within the streaming block it is possible to send further message using websocketClient.

HTTP

WS wss://socketsbay.com/wss/v2/1/demo/

{
  "test": "httpyac"
}

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(10000);
    $requestClient.send({
      "event": "ping",
      "reqid": 45
    });
    await sleep(1000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

TIP

Meta Data keepStreaming can be used to respond to events until manually aborted. Every request with same url as the open Connection uses the same client.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
WS wss://socketsbay.com/wss/v2/1/demo/

TIP

All received messages are output as an intermediate result and summarized at the end as one overall response. If the intermediate results are not needed, they can be deactivated using # @noStreamingLog.

TIP

If special options are needed for initialization, they can be configured in a NodeJS script using request.options.

MQTT

By using method MQTT a MQTT Client can be created. MQTT.js opens a TCP or WebSocket Connection to a MQTT Broker. The header Topic specifies the topic to be registered (multiple specification allowed)

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
subscribe: httpyac

If a body is specified, it will be published immediately after connecting.

HTTP

MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
Topic: httpyac

Hello, World

TIP

If the topic used for publishing is different from the topic used for replying, the headers subscribe and publish can be used instead.

The messages of the server can be waited for using streaming event. As soon as this hook has been successfully processed, the connection is terminated. Within the streaming block it is possible to publish further message using mqttClient.

HTTP

MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
publish: httpyac

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(1000);
    $requestClient.send("mqttPublish");
    await sleep(1000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

TIP

Meta Data keepStreaming can be used to respond to events until manually aborted.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
subscribe: httpyac

TIP

QoS, retain, username, password, keepAlive (10seconds default) and clean can be configured using header notation.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
Topic: testtopic/1
Qos: 1
username: foo
password: bar

TIP

If more options are needed for the initialization, they could be configured in a NodeJS script using request.options.

As long as the connection of the MQTT instance to the MessageQueue exists, messages can also be published from other NodeJS blocks.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
# @name source
MQTT tcp://broker.hivemq.com
Topic: testtopic/1

###
# @name test
{{
  $requestClient.send('hello test')
}}

AMQP/ RabbitMQ

By using method AMQP a AMQP Client can be created. @cloudamqp/amqp-client opens a AMQP Connection to RabbitMQ Server. Following Methods can be used

Publish

Publish a new message to an exchange. Header amqp_exchange defines the used exchange. amqp_routing_key is optional and sets the used routing key

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: publish
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange
amqp_routing_key: command.send

{
  "test": "{{$uuid}}"
}

A direct publish to a queue is available using amqp_queue.

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

{
  "test": "test"
}

TIP

If no amqp_method header is present and a body is provided. publish is used as default

The following headers can also be defined

Header	Description
amqp_contentType	content type of body, eg. application/json
amqp_contentEncoding	content encoding of body, eg. gzip
amqp_delivery_mode	1 for transient messages, 2 for persistent messages
amqp_priority	between 0 and 255
amqp_correlation_id	for RPC requests
amqp_replyTo	for RPC requests
amqp_expiration	Message TTL, in milliseconds, as string
amqp_message_id	messageId
amqp_user_id	userId
amqp_type	type

TIP

All other headers that do not start with amqp_ are appended to the message as headers

Consume messages from a queue. Messages will be delivered asynchronously. The messages of the server can be waited for by using streaming event. As soon as this hook has been successfully processed, the connection is terminated. Within the streaming block it is possible to access additional methods of a AMQPChannel using amqpChannel.

HTTP

# @keepStreaming
AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: consume
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

TIP

Meta Data keepStreaming can be used to consume message until manually aborted.

TIP

If no amqp_method header is present and no body is provided. consume is used as default

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

{{@streaming
  async function writeStream(){
    await sleep(10000);
  }
  exports.waitPromise = writeStream();
}}

TIP

The following headers can also be defined

Header	Description
amqp_tag	tag of the consumer, will be server generated if left empty
amqp_no_ack	f messages are removed from the server upon delivery, or have to be acknowledged
amqp_exclusive	if this can be the only consumer of the queue, will return an Error if there are other consumers to the queue already

Ack/ Nack/ Cancel

Consumed messages are not acked/ nacked automatically. If a message needs to get acked/ nacked automatically a manual ack/ nack needs to be called. You need to declare the same channelId (amqp_channel_id) and deliveryTag (amqp_tag) as the consumer.

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: ack
amqp_channel_id: 1
amqp_tag: 2

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: nack
amqp_channel_id: 1
amqp_tag: 2

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: cancel
amqp_channel_id: 1
amqp_tag: 2

The following headers can also be defined

Header	Description
amqp_requeue	if the message should be requeued or removed
amqp_multiple	batch confirm all messages up to this delivery tag

Purge

Purge all messages of a queue

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: purge
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

Declare exchange

Declare a queue or exchange

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: declare
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: declare
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

Header	Description
amqp_passive	if the exchange name doesn't exists the channel will be closed with an error, fulfilled if the exchange name does exists
amqp_durable	if the exchange should survive server restarts
amqp_auto_delete	if the exchange should be deleted when the last binding from it is deleted
amqp_exclusive	if the queue should be deleted when the channel is closed

Bind/ Unbind queue to exchange

Bind and unbind queue of a exchange

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: bind
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue
amqp_routing_key: command.send

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: unbind
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue
amqp_routing_key: command.send

Bind/ Unbind exchange to exchange

Create or delete an Exchange to exchange binding

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: bind
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange
amqp_exchange_destination: httpyac_exchange2
amqp_routing_key: command.send

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: unbind
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue
amqp_routing_key: command.send

Delete

Delete an exchange or queue

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: delete
amqp_exchange: httpyac_exchange

HTTP

AMQP amqp://guest:guest@localhost
amqp_method: delete
amqp_queue: httpyac_queue

Header	Description
amqp_if_unused	only delete if the exchange doesn't have any bindings
amqp_if_empty	only delete if the queue is empty

Request ​

Request-Line ​

Query Strings ​

Headers ​

Cookie ​

Request Body ​

Imported Request Body ​

multipart/form-data ​

GraphQL ​

Request Separators / Global Regions ​

gRPC ​

Protobuf Loader ​

GRPC Reflection ​

Unary RPC ​

Server Streaming RPC ​

Client Streaming RPC ​

Bidirectional Streaming RPC ​

Server-Sent Events / EventSource ​

WebSocket ​

MQTT ​

AMQP/ RabbitMQ ​

Publish ​

Consume/ Subscribe ​

Ack/ Nack/ Cancel ​

Purge ​

Declare exchange ​

Bind/ Unbind queue to exchange ​

Bind/ Unbind exchange to exchange ​

Delete ​

Request

Request-Line

Query Strings

Headers

Cookie

Request Body

Imported Request Body

multipart/form-data

GraphQL

Request Separators / Global Regions

gRPC

Protobuf Loader

GRPC Reflection

Unary RPC

Server Streaming RPC

Client Streaming RPC

Bidirectional Streaming RPC

Server-Sent Events / EventSource

WebSocket

MQTT

AMQP/ RabbitMQ

Publish

Consume/ Subscribe

Ack/ Nack/ Cancel

Purge

Declare exchange

Bind/ Unbind queue to exchange

Bind/ Unbind exchange to exchange

Delete